초기 기독교와 로마 군대 참고문헌
 A. 서적
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 Altaner, B. Patrology. Translated by Hilda Graef. Freiburg: Herder, 1960.

 Bainton, Roland. Christian Attitudes toward War and Peace. Nashville: Abingdon, 1960.

 Balthasar, Hans urs von, Origen, Spirit and Fire: A Thematic Anthology of His Writings. Translated by R. Daly. Washington: Catholic University of America Press, 1984.

 Baus, Karl. Der Kranz in Antike und Christentum. Bonn: Peter Hanstein, 1940.

 Barnes, Thimody D. Constantine and Eusebius. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

 Bell, H. I., et al. The Abinnaeus Archive: Papers of a Roman Officer in the Reign of Constantinus II. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1962.

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 Brand, C. E. Roman Military Law. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1968.

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 ______. The Early Church and the World. Edinburgh: T.&.T. Clark, 1925.

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 Daly, Robert, et al. Christin Biblical Ethics: From Biblical revelation to Contemporary Christian Praxis: Method and Comtents. New York and Ramsey, N.Y: Paulist Press, 1984.

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 Delehaye, H. Les legendes grecques des saints militaires. Paris: Librarie Alphonse Picrd et fils, 1909.

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 ______. Die Religion des Romischen Heeres. Westdeutschen Zeitschrift fur Geschichte und Kunst, XIV (1895).

 Doerries, H. Constantine and Religilous Liberty. Translated by R. Bainton. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1960.

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 Duthoy, Robert. The Taurobolium: Its Evolution and Terminology. Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1969.

 Dyggve, Einar. A History of Salonetan Christianity. Oslo: Nygaard, 1951.

 Diehl, Ernest. Inscriptiones Latinae Christianae Veterres. 3 vols. Berlin: Weidman, 1925-1931. vol. IV, Supplementum. Edited by J. Moreau and H. I. Marrou, 1967.

 Eadie, John, Edition. The Conversion of Constantine. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1971.

 Eppstein, J. The Catholic Tradition of the Law of Nations. London, 1935.

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 Fink, Robert O. Roman Military Records on Papyrus. Philological Monographs of the American Philological Association, Number 26, Urbana, Illinois.

 Fontaine, J., Edition. Q, Septimi Florentis Tertulliani De Corona. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 1966.

 Frank, R. I. Scholae Palatinae, The Palace Guards of the Later Roman Empire. Rome: American Academyin Rome, 1969.

 Frend, W. H. C. Martyrdom and Persecution in early church. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1967.

 Galletier, Edouard, Edition and translation. Panegyriques Latins. 3 vols. Paris: Societe d'Edition, “Les Belles Letters”. 1949.

 Gigon, Olaf. Die Antike Kulture und das Christentum. Gütersloh : Gütersloher verlagshaus, 1966.

 Giuliano, Antonio. Arco de Constantino. Milan: Instituto Editoriale Domus, 1955.

 Gladstone, Es Q. The Stste in its Relations with the Church. Vols. 2. London: 1838, reprinted, 1969.

 Grant, R. M. Augustus to Constantine. New York: Harper, 1970.

 Grant, R. M. and Graham, Holt. The Apostolic Fathers: A New Translation and Commentary. vol. II: First and Second Clement. New York: Thomas Nelson and Sons, 1965.

 ______. Early Christianity and Society: Seven studies. New York: Happer & Row Publishers, 1977.

 Gregoris, Henri. Les persécutions dans l'empire romain. 2nd edition, revised. Classe des lettres, Memoires, vol. LXI. Brussels: Academie Royale de Belgique, 1964.

 Grosse, Robert. Romische Militärigeschichte von Gallienus bis zum Beginn der byzantinischen Themanverfassung. Berlin: Wiedmannsche Buchhandlung, 1920.

 Hagendalh, Harald. Latin Fathers and the Classics. Göteberg Universitets Arsskrift, 1958.

 Hammond, N, G. L. and Scullard, H. H., Edition. The Oxford Classical Dictionary. 2nd ed. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1970.

 Harnack, Adolf von. Geschichte der altchristlichen Litteratur bis Eusebius. 2 vols. Leipzig : J. C. Hinrichs, 1893-1904.

 ______. Militia christi: Die Christliche Religion und der Soldatenstand in den ersten drei Jahrhunderten. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1905.

 Harnack, Adolf von. The Mission and Expansion of Christianity in the First Three Centuries. Translated by James Moffatt. New York: Happer, 1962.

 Heering, G. J. The Fall of Christianity: A Study of Christianity, The State, and War. Translated by J. W. Thompson. London: G. Allen and Unwin, Ltd., 1930.

 Hefele, Charles Joseph. Historie des concils. vol. I. Translated by H. Leclercq. Paris: Letouzey, 1907.

 Hengel, Martin. Victory over Violence: Gesus and Revolution. Translated by David E. Green. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1973.

 Hennecke, Edgar. Neutestamentliche Apocryphen in Deutscher Ubersetzung. 3rd ed. Reviced by Wilhelm Schneemclcher. Tübingen : J. C. B. Mohr, 1980.

 Hornus, Jean-Michel. Evangile et Labarum. Geneva: Labor et Fides, 1960.

 ______. It is not lawful for me fight: Early Christian Attitude toward War, Violence, and the State. Scottsdale, Pennsylvania, 1980.

 Huegli, A. G., Edition. Church and State under God. Saint Louis, Missouri: Concordia Publishing House, 1964.

 Jones, A. H. M. The Later Roman Empire. 2 vols. Norman, Oklahoma: University of Oklahoma Press, 1964.

 ______. Constantine and the Conversion of Europe. 2nd Edition. New York: Collier, 1962.

 Jones, A. H. M., Martindale, J. R. and Morris, J. The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire. vol. I (A.D. 260-395). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1971.

 Klein, Richard. Tertullian und das Romische Reich. Heidelberg: Carl Winter, 1968.

 Knudson, A. C. The Philosophy of War and Peace. New York, Nashville: Abingdon-Cokesfury Press.

 Kraft, Heinz. Kaiser Konstantins religiose Entwicklung. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1955.

 Kromayer, J. and Veith, G. Heerwesen und Kreigführung der Greichen und Römer. Munich: Beck, 1928.

 Krüger, Gustav and Ruhback, Gerhard. Ausgewahlte Martyrerakten. 4th ed. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr, 1965.

 Lang, Andrew. Magic and Religion. London: Longmans, 1901.

 Landon, Edward H. A Manual of Councils of the Holy Catholic Church. vol. I, revised. Edinburgh: John Grant, 1909.

 Larsen, J. A. O. Representative Goverment in Greek and Roman History. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1966.

 Lawlor, H. J. and Oulton, J. E. L. Eusebius. 2vols. London: S.P.C.K., 1927.

 Lee, Umphrey. The Historic Church and Modern Pacifism. Nashville, Tennessee: Abington, 1943.

 Leipoldt, Johannes. Der Soziale Gedanke in der Altchristlichen Kirche. Leipzig: Koehler & Amelang, 1952.

 Lightfoot, J. B. The Apostolic Fathers. 2 vols. 2nd edition. Revised. New York: Macmillan Co., 1890.

 McCracken, George, Translation. Arnobius of Sicca, The Case Against the Pagans. Westminster, Maryland: Newman Press, 1949.

 MacMullen, Ramsay. Constantine. New York: Dial Press, 1969.

 ______. Enemies of the Roman Order. Cambridge, Messachusetts: Havard University Press, 1966.

 ______. Soldier and Civilian in the Later Roman Empire. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1967.

 Magie, David. Roman Rule in Asia Minor. 2 vols. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press, 1950.

 Marrin, Albert. War and the Christian Conscience. Chicago, 1971.

 Maurice, Jules. Numismatique Constantinienne, iconographie et chronologie, description historique des emission monetaires. 3 vols. Paris: E. Lerous, 1908-1912.

 Merlat, Pierre. Répertoire des inscriptions et monuments figures du cult de Jupiter Dolichenus. Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Guenther, 1951.

 Mommsen, Theodore. Corpus Inscriptionem Latinarum. Berlin: George Reinach, 1863.

 Moreau, J. Lactantius: De la mort des persecuterurs. 2 vols. Introduction, critical text and translation. Paris: Les Editions du Cerf, 1954.

 Musurillo, Herbert. The Acts of the Christian Martyrs. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1972.

 Nock, A. D. Conversion. London: Oxford University Press, 1961.

 Parker, H. M. D. A History of the Roman World from A,D. 138-337. 2nd ed. Revised by B. H. Warmington. London: Methuen, 1958.

 ______. The Roman Legions. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1928.

 Patterson, L. Mithraism and Christianity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1921.

 Peebles, Rose Jeffries. The Legend of Longinus in Ecclesiastical Tradition and in English Literature and its Connection with the Grail. Baltimore: J. H. Furst, 1911.

 Pharr, Clyde, Translation. The Theodosian Code and Novels and the Sirmondian Constitutions. Princeton, New Jersey: Pinceton University Press, 1952.

 Plater, Charles S. J. A Primer of War and Peace. London, 1915.

 Quaster, Johannes. Patrology. 3 vols. Utrecht: Spectrum, 1950.

 Renan, Ernst. Marc-Auréle et la fin du monde antique. 6th Edition Paris: Academie Frangaise, 1891.

 Russel, F. H. The Just War in the Middle Ages. Cambridge, 1975.

 Schaff, Philip. History of the Christian Church. vol. II, III. Grand Rapids, Michigan, 1976.

 Schopf, Bernhard. Das Totungsrecht bei den Fruchristlichen Schriftstell bis zur Zeit Konstantins. Regensberg: Friedrich Pustet, 1958.

 Schroeder, H. J. Disciplinary Decrees of the General Councils. St. Louis: Herder, 1937.

 Segal, J. B. Edessa, “The Blessed City.” Oxford: Clsrendon Press, 1970.

 Setton, Kenneth M. Christian Attitude toward the Emperor in the Fourth Century. NewYork: Columbia University Dissertation, 1941.

 Stein, Arthur. Die Legaten von Moesian. Budapest: P. Pazmany 1940.

 Stevenson, J. A New Eusebius: Documents Illustrative of the History of the Church to A.D. 337. London: S.P.C.K., 1968.

 Swift, Louis J. The Early Fathers on War and Military Service. Wilmington, Delaware, 1983.

 Thurston, Herbert and Attwater, Donard, Editions. Butler's Lives of the Saints. 4 vols. Revised. New York: P. J. Kennedy and Sons, 1956.

 Toynbee, J. M. C. Death and Burial in the Roman World. New York: Cornell University Press, 1971.

 Van der Meer, F. and Mohrmann, Christine. Atlas of the Early Christian World. Translated and edited by Mary Hedlund and H. H. Rowley. London: Thomas Nelson, 1958.

 Vermaseren, M. J. Mithras the Secret God. Translated by Therese and Vincent Megaw. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1963.

 ______. Corpus Inscriptionsum et Monumentorum Religionius Mithriacae. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1956.

 Vieillefond, J. R., Edition. Jules Africain: Fragments des Cestes. Paris: Société d'Edition, “Les Belles Lettres”, 1932.

 Watson, G. R. The Roman Soldier. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press, 1969.

 Webster, Graham. The Roman Imperial Army. London: Adam and Charles Black, 1969.

 Webster, Hutton. Taboo: A Sociological Study. Stanford University, California: Stanford University Press, 1942.

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 Yerkes, Royden. Sacrifice in Grecian and Roman Religious and Early Judaism. New York: Scribner, 1952.

 Zampaglione, G. The Idea of peace in Antiquity. Translation by R. Dunn. Notre Dame, 1973.

 Zwikker, Wilhelm. Studien zur Marcussaule. Amsterdam: Noord Hollandische Vitgevers Maatschappij, 1941. (254.1)
 B. 論文
 Aland, K. “The Relation between Church and State in Early Times.” Jounal of Theological studies 19 (1968), 15-27.

 Alfoldi, Andreas. “The Helmet of Constantine with the Christian Monogram.” Jounal of Roman Studies, XXII (1932), 9-23.

 Babut, E. C. “L'adoration des empereurs et les origines de la persecution de Diocletien.” Revue Historique, IV (1916), 225-252.

 Bainton, Roland. “The Early Church and War.” Harvard Theological Review, XXXIX (1946), 189-212.

 Baynes, N. H. “Constantine the Great and Christian Church.” Proceedings of the British Academy, XV (1930), 1-107.

 Baynes, Norman. Review of Diocletien et la tétrarchie, vol. I, Edited by William Seston. Journal of Roman Studies, XXXVIII (1948), 109-113.

 Bonwetsch, N. “Das Testament der vierzig Martyrer.” Studien zur Geschichte der Theologie und Kirche. vol. I. Leipzig: Anton Keser Verlag, 1897, 75-80.

 Bruun, Patrick. “The Christians Signa on the Coins of Constantine.” Arctos (Nova Series), III (1962), 5-35.

 ______. “The Disappearance of Sol from the Coins of Constantine.” Arctos (Nova Series), II (1958), 15-37.

 Calder, W. M. “A Fourth Century Lycaonian Bishop.” Expositor (7th Series), VI (1908), 385-408.

 ______. “Two Episcopal Epitaphs from Laodicea Combusta.” Journal of Roman Studies, X (1920), 42-59.

 Campenhausen, Hans von. “Christians and Military Service in the Early Church.” Tradition and Life in the Church. Translated by A.V. Littledale. Philadelphia : Fortress Press, 1968.

 Crouzel, Henri “Drigen and Origenism.” New Catholic Encyclopedia, 10, 767-774.

 Cumont, Franz. “Les actes de S. Dasius.” Analecta Bollandiana, X (1897), 1-10.

 ______. “Le tombeau de S. Dasius de Durostorum.” Analecta Bollandiana, XXVII (1908), 369-372.

 Davies, R. W. “Police Work in Roman Times.” History Today, XVIII (1968), 700-707.

 ______. “Saints de Thrace et de Mesie.” Analecta Bollandiana, XXXI (1912), 266-267.

 Dodd, C. H. “Chronology of the Danubian Wars of the Emperor Marcus Antoninus.” Numismatic Chronicle, 4th Series, XIII (1913), 161-199 and 276-331.

 Dolger, Franz. “Sacramentum Militiae.” Antike und Christentum, II (1930), 268-280.

 Domaszewski, Alfred von. “Das Regenwunder der Marc Aurel-Säule.” Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie, XLIX (1894), 212-219.

 Fink, Robert O., Hoey, Allan S. and Synder, Walter F. “The Feriale Druanum.” Yale Classical Studies, VII (1940), 1-222.

 Freudenberger, Rudolf. “Ein Angelblicher Christenbrief Mark Aurels.” Historia, XVII (1968), 251-256.

 Gere, Stephen. “Miles Gloriosus: The Christian and Military Service according to Tertullian.” Church History, XXXIX (1970), 285-298.

 Gilliam, J. F. “The Roman Military Feriale.” Harvard Theological Review, XLVII (1954), 183-196.

 Grant, Robert M. “War-Just, Holy, Unjust-in Hellenistic and Early Christian Thought.” Augustinianum 20 (1980): 173-189.

 Gregoire, H. “L'entymologie de 'Labarum.” Byzantion, IV (1920), 477-482.

 Guey, J. “Encore la 'pluie miraculeuse.” Revue de Philologie, XXII (1948), 16-62.

 Habicht, Christian. “Zur Geschichte des Kaisers Konstantin.” Hermes, LXXXVI (1958), 360-378.

 Harnack, Adolf. “Die Quelle der Berichte uber das Regenwunder im Feldzuge Marc Aurels gegen die Quaden.” Sitzungsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, II (1894), 835-882.

 Hatt, Jean-Jacques. “La vision de Constantin au sanctuaire de Grand et l'origine celtique du labarum.” Latomus, XI (1950), 427-436.

 Helgeland, J. “Christians and the Roman Army: A.D. 173-337.” Church History. 43 (1974), 149-163.

 ______. “Christians and the Roman army from Marcus Aurelius to Constantine.” Aufstieg und Niedergang der Romischen Welt, II. 23. 1, New York, 1979, 724-834.

 Hoey, Allan S. “Official Policy towards Oriental Cults in the Roman Army.” Transactions and Proceedings of the American Philological Associan, LXX (1939), 456-481.

 Honigman, Ernest. “Basilius of Amasea.” Studi e Testi, XXX (1937), 15-35.

 Jones, A. H. M. “The Date and value of the Verona List.” Journal of Roman Studies. XVIV (1954), 21-29.

 Jones, A. H. M., and Skeat, T. C. “Notes on the Genuineness of the Constantinian Documents in Eusebius' Life of Constantine.” Journal of Ecclesiastical History, V (1954), 196-200.

 Karpp, Heinrich. “Die Stellung der Alten Kirche zu Kriegsdienst und Krieg.” Evangelische Theologie, XXIII (1957), 496-515.

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 Leclercq, Henri. “Fulminata (Legion XIIe).” Dictionnaire d'archeologie chretienne et liturgie, edited by Fernand Cabrol and Henri Leclercq, V2 (1923), 1692-2703.

 Marrou, Henri Irenee. “Autour du monogramme Constantinien.” Melanges offerts a Etienne Gilson. Toronto: Pontlfical Institute of Medieval Studies, 1959, 403-414.

 Mattingly, H. “the Imperial Vota.” Proceedings of the British Academy, XXXVI (1950), 155-195.

 Moffat, James. “War.” Dictionary of the Apostolic Church, edited by James Hastings, II (1918), 646-673.

 ______. “The War and the Religious Life in Great Britain.” American Journal of Theology, XX (October, 1916), 483-497.

 Mohrmann, Christine. “Saint Jerome et Saint Augustin sur Tertullian.” Vigiliae Christiane, V (1951), 111-112.

 Molland, Einar. “De Kristne og Militaertjenesten i den Gamle Kirche.” Norsk Theologisk Tidskrift, LI (1959), 87-104.

 Monceau, Paul. “Etude critique sur la Passio Tipasii Veterani.” Revue Archeologique, IV (1904), 267-274.

 Moreau, Jacques. “Sur la vision de Constantin.” Reveu des Etudes Anciennes. LV (1953), 307-333.

 Morris, John. “The Dating of the Column of Marcus Aurelius.” Journal of the Wartburg and Courtauld Institues, XV (1952), 37-40.

 Newman, Jeremiah. “Modern War and Pacifism.” Irish Theological Quarterly, XXVIII (1961), 181-206.

 Nock, A. D. “The Roman Army and the Roman Religious Year.” Harvard Theological Review, XLV (1952), 187-252.

 Oh, Man kyu. “The Early Christians Attitude toward Military Service.” in Froms of Control and Subordination: Internation Symposium for Studies or Ancient World, Gan. 5-8, 1986. Susono, Shizuoka Japan, 244-255.

 Oost, S. I. “The Career of M. Antonius Pallas.” American Journal of Philology, LXXIX (1958), 113-139.

 Petersen, E. “Blitz und Regenwunder an der Marcus-saule.” Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie, L (1895), 453-474.

 Poidebard, Antoine and Mouterde, Rene. “Apropos de Saint Serge: Aviation et epigraphie.” Analecta Bollandiana, LXVII (1949), 109-116.

 Richmond, I. A. “The Roman Army and Roman Religion.” Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, XLV (1962), 185-197.

 Ritterling, E. “Epigraphische Beitrage zur Romischen Geschichte.” Rheinisches Museum fur Philologie, LIX (1904), 196-199.

 Ritterling, E. “Legio.” Real Encyclopedie der Classischen Altertumswissenschaft, XXIII, 1186-XXIV, 1829.

 Ryan, Edward A. “The Rejection of Military Service by the Early Christians.” Theological Studies, XII (1952), 1-32.

 Schottroff, Louise. “Non-Violence and the Love of one's Enemies.” Essays on the Love Commandment. Translated by R. H. Fuller and I. Fuller. Philadelphia: Fortress Press, 1978.

 Seston, W. “A propos de la Passio Marcelli Centurionis.” Aux Sources de la Tradition Chertienne. (Melanges offerts a Maurice Goguel). Neuchatel: Delachaux and Niestle, 1950.

 Smedt, Carolus, Edition. “Passiones tres Martyrum Africanorum, ss. Maximae, Donatillae et Secundae, S. Typasii Veterani, et S. Fabii Vexilliferi.” Analecta Bollandiana, XI (1890), 107-134.

 Smith, Jonathan Z. “Native Cults in the Hellenistic Period.” History of Religions, XI (1971-1972), 236-249.

 Sulzberger, M. “Le symbole de la croix et les monogrammes de Jesus chez les premiers chretiens.” Byzantion, II (1925), 337-448.

 Swift, Louis J. “War and the Christian Conscience 1: The Early Years.” Aufstieg und Niedergang der Romishen welt, 11, 23, 1, New York, 1979, 835-868.

 Telfer, W. “The Author's Purpose in the Vita Constantini.” Texte und Untersuchungen, LXIII (1957), 157-167.

 Watson, G. R. “Christianity in the Roman Army in Britain.” Christianity in Britain, 300-700. M. W. Barley and R. P. C. Hanson Editions. Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1968, 51-54.

 Weijenborg, Reynold. “Pompeianus Ruricius, Ancestor of Evagrius Ponticus of Antioch, and the Origins of the Constantinian Monogram.” Antonianum. XLVI (1971), 322-347.

 Weinstock, Stefan. “Saturnalien und Neujahrsfest in den Martyreracten.” Mullus, Festschrift Theodor Klauser (Jahrbuch Fur Antike und Chrisientum), I (1964).

 Windass, G. S. “The Early Christian Attitude to War.” Irish Theological Quarterly, XXIX (1962), 235-245.

 Zeiller, J. “Quelques remarques sur la 'vision' de Constantin.” Byzantion, XIV (1938), 329-339.

 秀村祈二. “古代キリスト 敎の 軍隊․戰爭觀一具體的 態度の 考察一.” 西洋史學. XXI (1954), 28-39. (264.1)