Probably an explanation added by Luke for the benefit of his readers, not all of whom were familiar with the geography of Palestine (see p. 664).
On the sabbath.
As was the Lord‘s habitual practice (see on v. 16).
Taught them.
[The Demoniac in the Synagogue,Luke 4:31b-37=Mark 1:21-28. Major comment: Mark.] According to the Greek, “continued to teach them.” A period of time was involved. The teaching began in the synagogue of Capernaum and probably centered there.
Came down.
[Removal to Capernaum,Luke 4:31a=Matt. 4:13-17=Mark 1:14, 15. Major comment: Matthew.] From the village of Nazareth, high in the hills, to Capernaum, some 20 mi. (32 km.) away on the Lake of Galilee, it is literally “down”— from 1,144 ft. (349 m.) above sea level to 685 ft. (209 m.) below. It is possible that Mary and other members of the family may have accompanied Christ.