Gr. kokkinē, a dyestuff made from the desiccated bodies of insects. Mark (ch. 15:17) has “purple,” Gr. porphura. Certain shades of ancient scarlet and purple blended almost imperceptibly into each other, so that it would be easy for two observers to use the two terms in describing the same color. This “robe” may have been a soldier’s cloak, possibly a cast-off garment formerly worn by Pilate. It was thrown about Christ’s shoulders in mock imitation of a royal purple robe.

Gr. ekduō. Textual evidence is divided (cf. p. 146) between this and the reading enduō, “clothed.”